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Legislative debates on territorial organization are rarely consensual. The bill of 16 March 2015, which officially aims at “the improvement of the legal framework of new municipalities for strong and living municipalities”, is a singular case. It changes the previous legal framework already presented at that time as an innovative one: but does this new framework create truly new municipalities? Do the legal provisions related to their creation, functioning and finances introduce a change as significant as officially claimed? Despite (or due to) the success of this new type of municipalities, this question can only find a nuanced answer.