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Since the 1980s, people working in the not for profit sector enjoyed significant paid employment. While this dynamic is partly the result of the reorganization of the welfare state, this article shows that non-profit organizations have also benefitted from unemployment reduction policies. Through the study of the history of state employment policies and of a dedicate public policy aimed at the professionalization of non profit organizations, the author observes that the State gradually took less interest in non-profit organizations for their social utility and more for their role in the economy, their ability to mobilize capital and market resources and for their capacity to create employment.