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While the European Union directive 1999/70 on fixed-term employment is more than 20 years old, the French legislator has still not established any sanctions against the abuse of fixed-term contracts in the French Civil Service. It sticks to the preventive measures it enacted in 2005. The administrative courts, attentive to the case law of the CJEU in this field, are therefore the only guarantee of the interests of the agents when abuses are committed. However, in a legal context putting more emphasis on the contract as a way of managing human resources in the civil service, with the recently adopted law on “the transformation of the civil service”, the protection thus provided seems insufficient. Changes are to be hoped for.