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This paper examines the process of institutionalization of the evaluation of vocational training policy that has taken place over the last decade. In France the management of the vocational training policy, as well as its evaluation, is shared between employees unions’ and workers unions’. The article shows firstly how evaluation has become a political issue. It then explores the work of shaping evaluation through the prism of social relations and institutional arrangements resulting from a reform introduced in 2009. Finally, the impact of “evaluation work” on trade union actors is presented. Through the examination of learning dynamics and obstacles related to practice of evaluation, this paper highlights the motives of the creation of a new collective actor of evaluation in the field of negotiated public action of vocational training.