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This text follows the publication of results concerning experimentation in functional MRI showing abnormalities in the cerebral zones concerned by treatment using the human voice in five adults with autism. The authors have brought together numerous clinical observations essentially drawn from psychoanalytic psychotherapy of patients with autism and showing how sounds were perceived. The psychopathological hypothesis which result from this do not contradict the current findings of the neurosciences ; but do question their interpretation : they open the way for dialogue, contrary to the overly simplistic misrepresentations reported by the media which would tend to accentuate the split between the neurological and the psychodynamic points of view.