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This analysis of Euripedes’ play Hippolytus considers the relation of filiation between the hero and his father Theseus. Hippolytus refuses Phaedra’s propositions in order not to betray his father, this attitude showing on the one hand, his identification to a maternal ideal of purity and chastity, and on the other, his feelings of love and expectation regarding his father. Having posed a distinction between object cathexis and identification, this analysis highlights Hippolytus’ negative Œdipus complex and accounts for the tragic outcome of the play. The « father’s betrayal » appears to be a necessary requirement for young adolescent men.