The Devout and the Foundation of Convents in Auvergne in the 17th Century
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French historiography has long stressed the leading role played by the “devout” faction during the 17th-century Catholic Reformation. However, many stereotypes remain about their unanimity and the coherence of a devout faction as a result of the fame of some Parisian figures close to the court. In fact, that the pious laity of the provinces has diverse profiles and concerns, which evolved over time. Thus, in the diocese of Clermont, women and widows of aristocratic lineage loyal to the king supported the expansion of the new religious orders following the French Wars of Religion. Then after 1640, they stepped aside in favor of urban royal officers, who showed increasing interest in confining the poor as mercantilist theories prevailed. This shift on the part of the devout faction not only impacted the course of the Catholic Reformation but more broadly revealed the coming of a new modernity.
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