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The official transport service of the Roman Empire, the cursus publicus, was for five centuries an administrative service reserved for the state. Only a small number of people were allowed to use its facilities. Were these people privileged? From the written sources, inscriptions, literary texts, and legal codes at our disposal, we will study who were the beneficiaries of the journeys made in this framework, how these journeys were experienced by users, and finally what judgment the provincial populations made about the transport service and its beneficiaries. Was the right to travel through the cursus publicus an expression of imperial favor, a mark of the importance of the person using it, or an instrument of domination and control of political power?