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Ernst Schröder’s understanding of the role of logic in the project of founding mathematics was deeply affected by his analysis of the logic of relatives as presented by Charles S. Peirce. The algebra and logic of relatives became the pasigraphic key for creating a scientific universal language having been already demanded programmatically in Schröder’s early writings on semiotics. It became the tool for elaborating an « absolute algebra », a general theory of connections. Therefore his logical writings in the years between 1895 and 1901 do not mainly deal with the application of mathematical methods to the analysis of logic, but, rather in accordance with the basic thesis of logicism, with the description and analysis of mathematics by means of logic. Evidence for Schröder’s turn to logicism is given by testimonies from his correspondence with Paul Carus and Felix Klein.