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The immigration of “Jews” from Eastern Europe to Esch-sur-Alzette took place in the context of the emergence of an industrial center in the south of Luxembourg at the beginning of the 20th century. Attracted by job prospects, these people settled in particular in the Brill district, marked by its great ethnic, cultural, economic, and social diversity. This diversity partly disappeared with the Second World War: the study of a specific area of this neighborhood shows that of the 265 individuals living there before 1940 and identified as Jews by the Nazis, only 12 regained their housing in 1945. By bringing sources together, notably from the Luxembourg administration and then the Occupation, this study aims to reconstruct individual journeys and thus to highlight the place that these men and women occupied in interwar Europe. In this way, it joins the project of a digital Shoah Memorial in Luxembourg, described in another article in this issue.