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This paper deals with the use of the oath in the political reconstruction of Lucca in the late 14th century. In this article, I endeavour to use the context of reconstruction that Lucca underwent beginning in 1369, date of the end of neighbouring Pisa’s domination, and the rediscovery of its political autonomy after a half-century of foreign control, as the starting-point for investigating the role played by oaths in the city’s political life. In particular, I intend to focus on how oaths were used by authorities to consolidate the cohesion of the urban community and bring together various urban areas. Thus, the objective will be to focus on the political role of the oath both generally, by analysing its role in rebuilding an urban political community, and individually, by assessing its importance for the personal trajectories of those that took the oath.