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Numerous texts and decisions issued by European authorities point to the need to integrate competitive and environmental policies. Over the years, this integration has become an imperative for these authorities. If the aim of European institutions is both to build a single market based on economic freedom and to harmonize policies (including environmental policies), how can these two needs be reconciled today? Toward what kind of environmental policy integration are we headed? And ultimately, what kind of competitive and commercial distortions are likely to emerge? This paper begins by presenting the issue as it exists today. An outline of the way in which environmental policies are implemented will then help to clarify the political and economic implications of integration. This paper will consider the possible types of integration, taking into account the fact that environmental policies occasionally remain subject to economic and competitive constraints. Finally the paper will examine solutions to these conflicts, as proposed by the courts.