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Since 2001, the WTO has engaged in the Doha Round, negotiations aimed at speeding up the liberalization of trade policies while ensuring that developing countries, in particular the least developed among them, are ensured a share in the growth of world trade that corresponds to their economic development needs. However, like many developing countries, Arab countries have an ambiguous relationship with the process of multilateral negotiations, an ambiguity that is more generally characteristic of their position within the WTO. The Doha Round has demonstrated the acceptance by Arab countries of the virtues of free trade and their desire to integrate the multilateral trading system. At the same time, the impact of Arab countries on the negotiation process remains low and ultimately reflects their marginalization, as is the case of a large number of developing countries within the WTO system. This contribution attempts to analyze the substantial issues for Arab countries in the Doha Round and the reasons for this ambiguity.