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The Kyoto Protocol was the first implementation of a concerted international action tackling the risks raised by climate change. In the long run, it could become the driving force of a drastic shift in the way our societies operate. The enforcement of quotas on greenhouse gas emissions and the end of free release of carbon dioxide have created a new market. The licence restricting emissions could potentially cause a major overhaul in our ways of production and consumption, therefore changing our economic systems. The magnitude of this shift is at the center of negotiations between the different international actors, which includes the combination of strategies, tensions, compromises and other struggles of interests.