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This article questions the notion of emergence, as applied to Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. Most importantly, this emergence is economic as these countries experience high GDP and external trade growth rates. Their economic successes are nevertheless uneven: for instance, Brazil stands out remarkably above the others. And this superiority is not restrained to economics but is also seen in politics and diplomacy. Thus, while these three countries are gaining influence, Argentina and Mexico have smaller roles than Brazil, who is now a real actor and not just a spectator. The contrasted success of these three countries leads to a discussion of the very idea of emergence, which appears to conceal a few disparities.