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The International North South Transport Corridor (INSTC) is an extensive transport network connecting India, Iran, Azerbaijan, Russia, Central Asia, and Europe through maritime, rail, and road routes. Although initial discussions began in the 1990s, significant progress has only been made recently, driven by the convergence of national interests among partnering countries. This article delves into Iran’s motivations for the project, while also considering the perspectives of Azerbaijan and Armenia. Each of these countries sees the INSTC as an opportunity to strengthen its regional role, boost its economy, and tackle specific geopolitical challenges.