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After decades during which the thesis of the “end of metaphysics” seemed to have been self-evident, there is currently a certain renaissance of metaphysics in different strands of contemporary philosophy. This renewed interest in the problem of metaphysics is also present in interpretations of Kant’s work. The article summarizes the research in this field before developing a specific perspective based upon Kant’s Preisschrift on the progress of metaphysics in Germany since Leibniz and Wolff. A first section shows how Kant sketches a critical special metaphysics that operates with objects posited by man and enabling him to rethink as well as to transform the world. A second section deals with the question, whether this Kantian conception can be understood as an “onto-theo-logy” in the Heideggerian sense of the term. A conclusion affirms that Kant’s approach can hardly be called “onto-theo-logical”, while it rather introduces a particular type of metaphysics, inscribed into the history of special metaphysics, but based on moral philosophy – a type of metaphysics that could be of interest within contemporary debates on the problem of metaphysics.