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Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Shīrāzī familiarly named Mullā Ṣadrā lived in Persia, under the reign of the Safavid kings, in the seventeenth century. He has constructed a systematic metaphysical science which has for subject the act of being, and for object, the essence, the attributes, and the acts of God. The present study shows how the theological doctrine of the essence and of the divine attributes is inferred from the evidence of being. The concrete existence is pure necessity and so the necessary being is proved by a syllogism where not any other middle term is requited. The concept of the intensity of being allows the comprehension of the immanence and of the transcendence of God. The pattern of reality is made of a systematic use of a central concept, the theophany. The theophanic concept of God allows to understand the absolute unicity of the One, and it supports the metaphysical doctrine of the emanation, and of the production of the multiplicities. The divine attributes and their projections in all the gradual order of being allowed to understand the spiritual and the corporeal worlds.