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At the crossroads of two strategic issues faced by all companies, i.e., innovation and environmental challenges, the ICT sector has been developing new skills and new business opportunities for several years. As a matter of fact, firms are increasingly aware of the fact that maintaining their competitive position depends not only on their capabilities for innovation but also on their ability to respond to environmental requirements. In this paper, we examine the key role played by the ICT sector in this context. We study the green IT strategy adopted by numerous actors in the sector; we give a detailed and illustrated typology of green IT opportunities; and we underline the fact that these innovations, while aimed at facing environmental challenges, also contribute to the economic growth of both the recipient firms and the ICT providers. For the latter, it even corresponds to a new strategic positioning of the sector.