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This paper proposes to highlight the diversity of water resources in a sahelian community with the help of social and environmental indicators. This diversity is based on the coexistence of endogenous resources and exogenous resources. All of these resources are essential to satisfy population needs all year round. Nevertheless, manual pumps impose management methods which disrupt local organization rules for access to water and can lead users to give up these resources. Finally, we demonstrate that beyond any technological determinism, modern/exogenous resources are not likely to replace all of the others.