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This article is based on a field survey on “the idea of development in Turkey” carried out between 2008 and 2010. It shows that the internal categories of collected speech are structured around two opposite entrances, and that their line of fracture is located precisely at the crossing between economic and non-economic fields. In other words, a taxonomy of concepts expressed in the form of two large perpendicular axes can be conceived, one corresponding to the field of economics, quantifiable, measurable (neoliberal ideas, moderate muslim and leftist), the other to the cultural, qualitative of non-measurable fields (Kemalist and Muslim radical conceptions).