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This study based on qualitative research aims to assess the sustainability of the suppression of two healthcare payment subsidy interventions in favor of pregnant women, children under the age of five and indigents that occurred in three health districts in Burkina Faso. The results show the importance of the sustainability process mainly in organizational risk-taking and resource stabilization. These two elements were central to the difference in sustainability between the two interventions. This study also shows that the sustainability of an intervention is not reducible to the demonstration of its effectiveness. The other factors, which have not received much attention so far, but which have real influence, are : the nature of the interventions, the approach adopted in their implementation and the perception that leaders of the target organization have toward the interventions’ beneficiaries seeking to make them sustainable.