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As regards the health protection policy, French deputies recently took actions in favor of an increase in the budget for general practice. Some commentators pretend that the invisible 'medical lobby'? in Parliament is at the origin of such a vote. The article reviews the historical background of what was initially a myth. Even though in a specific historic context the medical profession had strong connections in Parliament, the link between deputies who were also physicians and union interests became increasingly strained throughout the 20th century. This is due to several factors: the autonomy of the political sector, the professionalization and collectivization of politics, the relegation of Parliamentary issues within the framework of the institutions of the 5th Republic, divisions and the lack of institutions representing the medical profession.