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During the brief term of the Resistance years, the French Communist Party (PCF) entrusted the complete reorganization of its practices to a specific management structure that did not exist before the war. However, it soon faced an alternative, with, on the one hand, Georges Politzer’s choices for the Free University during the fall of 1940, namely the organization into categories of intellectuals serving a Resistance the PCF wanted to unite around the working class or a National Front (May 1941), and on the other, the project proposed by Aragon during the summer of 1941 for a Movement of Intellectuals concerned only with the nation involved in resistance, the leadership of which would fall to writers, hence the emergence of Les Lettres Françaises. In the spring of 1943, the blending of these possibilities led to the founding of a French Union of Intellectuals, with a fluctuating status. In the spring of 1944, the northern preference prevailed, favoring autonomy within a particular movement within the Resistance, namely the National Front (FN). However, after the Liberation, the Directorate of Communist Intellectuals sided with Aragon’s option over the emancipation of a National Union of Intellectuals subordinated solely to the National Council of the Resistance.