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The objectives of this study were to identify the diseases diagnosed in children under the age of nineteen years old in primary health care centers, and to determine those that have required referral to a specialist for treatment. It is a descriptive study conducted in 92.5% of primary health care centers in the region, and the survey was conducted from two perspectives and levels of analysis. The first focused on a timescale of study, three weeks per season per district. The second focused on assessing medical records. The statistical unit used was the medical consultation. The coding of diagnosis and referrals was done according to the International Classification of Primary Car (ICPC2). The consultations of children under the age of 19 years old accounted for 6629, which is equal to 42.5% of the total number of consultations (including all ages and gender combined). Respiratory disease was by far pre-dominant with 62.5%, followed by digestive and skin disorders respectively in 10.4% and 9.1% of cases. Among the 6629 consultations, 270 of them (representing 4.1%) have needed a reference for specialist treatment or care. More referrals were made for males (57.4%) than females (42.6%) (p=0.015). In most of the cases referred (83%), they could be divided and categorized according to the ICPC2 chapters of classification; 21.9% for respiratory, 16.7% for digestive, 12.6% for both eye and skin, 10.4% for musculoskeletal, 4.8% for urology and 4.1% for ear. The interest of this study is not only epidemiological, but also it has interest as a pedagogical contribution to support and guide the choice of themes for medical training and to provide comparable types of data to be shared between regions and countries.