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To talk about “condom advertising in fascist Italy” may seem paradoxical. From the second half of the 1920s and throughout the 1930s, the “demographic battle” was a central aspect of fascist ideology, which meant banning contraception and its advertising. Yet condoms were produced on an industrial scale under fascism, which can only be understood in terms of mass circulation and consumption. This apparent paradox calls for an analysis of the ways in which these “forbidden products” were manufactured, made visible, and even advertised under fascism. In order to address these issues, this article analyses five different aspects: the emergence of the condom industry in Italy and the constraints on its advertising; the nature of the first condom advertising mediums; the actors and the vectors of advertising campaigns in the 1930s; the strategies at work in the advertisements; and the degree of advertising expertise that characterized them.