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This article presents a study that took place at a couples and family outpatient clinic. Multiple levels are involved in couples and family therapy. The definition of relevant variables to evaluate the effectiveness of a systemic therapeutic intervention is thus particularly difficult. The aim of our study is to assess the short- and medium-term effectiveness of a Brief Systemic Therapy (BST) on four different levels: (1) individual symptomatology; (2) conjugal satisfaction; (3) parental and co-parental relationship quality; and (4) global family functioning. BST consists in a therapeutic treatment of a maximum of six sessions. The different levels are assessed by validated self-reported questionnaires before and after BST as well as at a three-month follow-up. The therapeutic alliance is also measured by a self-reported questionnaire (WAI) after each session. The results of a pilot sample of N=10 couples and families showed the efficiency of BST on most of the variables measured and a greater therapeutic change for women than for men. No therapeutic effect was observed for men’s individual symptomatology or for global family functioning. These results suggest that BST has a different impact on the four levels measured. The importance of the therapeutic alliance on the therapeutic success is also confirmed.