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Born from equality concerns and trade union demands in the 1970s, partnerships between universities and trade unions led to training and research on the health of women workers in Quebec. Various themes emerged, including the recognition of particularly difficult and demanding tasks mostly performed by women, conciliation of women’s economic needs and their role in biological reproduction, obstacles to integrating and maintaining women in jobs as a whole, as well as the right to compensation for women suffering from work-related injuries. The study of several of those themes obliged researchers in ergonomics and law to reexamine the methods of — and approaches to — their respective disciplines, trying to help women workers access professional equality while preserving their health.