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The assassination of King Alexander of Yugoslavia and French foreign minister Louis Barthou in Marseille on 9 October 1934 played a key role in the bilateral relationship between these two countries during the interwar period, but does not account for all of the ways that terrorism shaped this relationship. The years preceding the attack indeed witnessed the development of police and intelligence cooperation between France and Yugoslavia against terrorist activities by the Ustasa and the IMRO. This cooperation was put to the test during the international investigation following the death of Alexander of Yugoslavia and ultimately fell apart as Yugoslavia aligned itself more closely with Nazi Germany.