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In 1947, French parliamentarians received a short manifesto entitled Sur un oubli dans le Plan Monnet. Un appel aux pouvoirs publics (Regarding an oversight in the Monnet Plan. An appeal to the government), followed by more than 500 signatures provided by researchers and scientists. This text protested against the absence of scientific research in the projects of the General Planning Commission. It was the first time that such a strong movement emerged among “scientific workers,” with the aim of asking for direct intervention by the State and the establishment of a global policy for higher education and research. The scientists themselves demanded a reorganization of the institutional frameworks of their activity, with a view to spurring national investment and the development of a productive apparatus.