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In defense of a certain feminine ideal and in favor of increased support for the nuclear family, the French State did not hesitate to heavily repress women who were problematic for the “Révolution Nationale” of the Vichy government. As symbols of this new repression, five women were guillotined during the Occupation, marking the first female executions since 1887. They were sentenced to death by ordinary and extraordinary courts, for common law offenses. Other women were also sentenced to death during that period of time, but were ultimately never executed. This situation raises questions as to the repression of female delinquency, but more generally as to the role that women occupied within the ideology of the French State at the time.