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In the collective memory, George W. Bush’s America is likely to be identified with the response to the September 11 attacks and the "War on Terror." Yet, the Administration’s initial project was above all an economic and social one: to get rid as much as possible of the government interference the New Deal had established and the Great Society both strengthened and modified. In that respect, it may have been the last stage of the lasting movement that, since the second half of the Seventies, progressively reversed the course the nation had followed from the Thirties on. Since Spring 2001, the Administration had been on the move. Yet, in the summer, its project already seemed in trouble when the terrorist attacks created a favourable political climate which enabled the President to have many of its propositions prevail. But after having first facilitated his agenda, it is progressively, starting in 2005, hampered by the domestic fall-out of the wars he had launched. Its project probably also suffered from its radical nature. His Administration seems to have been inaugurated at a time when the conservative vision was beginning to lose part of its appeal. The President may have overplayed his hand, provoking a pendulum swing.