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In a dominant position in most of the Breton country for a long time, the rural aristocracy is confronted with growing difficulties after the First World War. While its monarchist convictions seems more and more obsolete, its relationship with the clergy, the major relay of its influence over the populations, are greatly weakened by the Papal condemnation of the Action française in 1926. At the same time, its socio-economic domination is being questioned by part of the peasantry. Faced with these difficulties, the rural aristocracy chooses, not without internal tensions, to intensify its commitment to the agricultural unionism. Its successes in this area will allow it to enjoy social resources which the aristocracy mobilizes in the 1930s around the apology of agrarian corporatism. The proclaimed goal is the institution of a new political system that would establish it as a natural authority.