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Recently, wartime rape has become a legitimate subject of historical study. However, the acts of sexual violence committed by German soldiers in France during World War II remain largely unknown. This paper highlights how widespread sexual violence was, while emphasizing the difficulty of establishing whether the facts belong to criminal law or to martial law. By combining micro-historical studies with a general overview of the war, this article establishes a typology of sexual violence in order to deal with the generalizations of myths (the rape of the Sabine women) or current events. This chronology of sexual violence illustrates how sexuality was one facet among many of the Occupation’s regime. Finally, these acts of sexual violence are also considered in a comparative perspective with the rapes committed by Allied soldiers in Europe during World War II.