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This article aims to analyze the various meanings of solidarity through the prism of social policies and to question the form it is likely to take today. Indeed, studying the political trajectory of the notion of solidarity offers a relevant perspective on the transformations of the French social model, a model that it has continued to permeate. At the beginning, solidarity sought to be a third way between socialism and liberalism: it was this third way that the governors of the Third Republic tried to draw by creating the first laws on assistance and insurance. Faced with the economic crisis of 1929, this social model was renewed during the Second World War, leading to the establishment of the welfare state, the form of which was also a compromise, this time between humanist socialism and neoliberalism. Today, this new model must contend with the current economic context, which has led the notion of solidarity to be redefined by the legislator.