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The task of this study is to revisit Freud’s thesis that civilization is a “scientific myth” akin to fantasy. We argue that it contributes to the understanding of the social bond in children. We conducted a longitudinal observation in a class; our goal was to analyze the civilizing process based on the clinical analysis of a group. The corpus was constituted by verbal interactions collected during several class meetings. This research confirms the hypothesis of a pulsional redistribution which manifests itself as a decline of erotic and violent behavior for certain children. It appears that the development of symbolization in the children’s group is related to the sacrifice of adults’ omnipotence; consequently, the murder of the imaginary Father is necessary to have access to civilization.