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Fifty years ago, the whole set ofAndré Gide’s already published works(3 volumes) appeared in the collection“La Pléiade” (The Pleiad). Famous beforeand after, showered with praise and contested by turns, he has been practicallyignored by recent generations. In keeping with the commemorative aimof this issue, the author picks up on earlier notes of a formerly “tendentious”theme. Ambivalent himself towards amaster of ambiguity, even duplicity, theauthor, like most of his contemporaries,still has a debt towards him. Althoughhe readily could mock at psychologists,Gide the moralist, immoralist and humorist, always stimulated thought in its largest and most subtle meaning.