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For Russia, the Maghreb region presents many business opportunities that are not strictly limited to the energy and arms sectors. More particularly, Algeria, and to a lesser extent Libya, are the main pillars of the Russian strategy in the region. With its Algerian partner, Moscow is pursuing an all-out economic offensive that is developing particularly in the nuclear field. With respect to the Libyan battlefield, the Russian Federation has embarked on a diplomatic policy of de-escalation since the Civil war, rolling out a limited objective and neutral action plan. This interview also reviews Russia’s would-be mediation role in the various conflicts of the region.