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Pathological separation anxiety is the most frequent anxious disorder during childhood. However, only a few studies on this issue have dealt with infants and young children, as well as with its therapeutic approach. The reactions of the child to separation and reunion with the parent reflect the quality of the parent-child attachment bond. In this paper, after a description of separation anxiety in its developmental and pathological forms and of its links with attachment disorders in young children, the setting of a parent-toddler therapeutic group is described. This group, specifically designed to treat separation anxiety and attachment disorders, has been in activity at the Unité Petite Enfance et Parentalité Vivaldi (Paris) for fifteen years. Two clinical vignettes illustrate the kind of situations treated in this setting. The authors stress the dyadic and familial nature of these disorders, as well as the benefits of a group and joint parent-toddler therapeutic approach. In the same way, it appears that the therapeutic work around separation can only be done when a reliable and satisfactory attachment relationship has been established between the parent(s) and the child.