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Introduced in the 1990s by the World Health Organization, the concept of psychosocial skills (or life skills) has expanded considerably in the field of prevention and health education. Recent evidence shows that the psychosocial skills of the child and the parents play a major role in the child’s development and are an important factor in both mental and physical health. Evidence from interventional research confirms the need for early intervention in order to promote effective health behavior, health, and well-being. Indeed, many controlled prevention programs aim to develop psychosocial skills. This paper reviews psychosocial (or life) skills in the field of prevention and (mental) health promotion, with definitions and results from observational and interventional research.