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The authors, two clinical psychologists, seek to distinguish what part of the apparent difficulties in the mother-son relationship stems from a past of conjugal violence and what derives from actual relational issues between mother and child. A study is conducted into a mother-child relation encountered in a children’s care home ( Maison d’Enfants à Caractère Social) via a methodology involving three types of interview : individual, mother-child, and fraternal. Various elements that emerge tend to show that the current difficulties derive from the early mother-child relationship where the problematic of indebtedness plays a major role.