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Patients’ rights are elaborated in the context of a crisis of legitimacy for hospitals. In the last ten years, these rights have also led to the development of a new mode of regulation. One of the major elements of this evolution is the construction of the user in these laws. Sometimes, when the user is represented in the institution, he is considered in a collective sense similar to that of a citizen; sometimes the user is considered on an individual level when there is direct contact with the personnel, on the question of financial responsibility, this time in an individual approach. All of this testifies to the construction of a complex relationship between the hospital and society, marked by the search for a better balance between the actors of the health system.