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The French judicial system currently faces structural changes as well as a pronounced tendency towards instrumentalization. This article’s objective is to recall the macro-social, macro-political, and cyclical elements favoring the system’s evolution as well as its principal characteristics. After establishing the facts, the perspectives of this evolution are drawn: the unmastered ones that can be described as having a future for justice as excess and those following democratic aspirations that lead to the definition of what could be the broad contours of a reform of French justice equal to the requirements of a renewed democracy.