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Introduced for the first time into environmental policy as part of the reform of the French national park system in 2006, the concept of ecological solidarity is built on a compromise between ecocentric and anthropocentric ethics. In addition to providing a basis for ecological and social cohesion in policy for protected areas, this concept contributes to the debate for a new model of society which highlights social and ecological interdependency, the need to diminish environmental inequalities and injustice and the limits of the biosphere. In this way, ecological solidarity provides for a new natural contract to establish the limits of human actions on nature.