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The shock of May 1968 breached organized modernity into which new social movements infiltrated. These movements transformed environmentalism in the melting pot of a self-governance movement. From science, the environment becomes political, in particular through the discourse of André Gorz and Cornelius Castoriadis, two self-governance thinkers. The "artistic criticism" of capitalism and of power shaping human coexistence dominates. However, being not fully adequate, it joins forces with "social criticism" and "ecological criticism" to denounce hierarchy and the consumer society. Thus, dialectically, as a pragmatic utopia, it sets out a new world of autonomy and the road that leads to it.