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The challenge of transforming production and marketing practices questions the organizational arrangements in the agricultural sector, including contractual arrangements. These are diverse and few studies have focused on contracts that include clauses on production conditions in addition to marketing conditions. Repositioned within the economic literature, and under the light of law, this article aims to remove ambiguities in the definition of these contracts and to draw up a set of proposals on the rationalities linked to their uses and effects, in order to propose a research agenda that will allow for a better objectification of the potential role of these production contracts in the transformation and transition of value chains.