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This paper analyzes the factors that explain the adoption of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the Senegalese microfinance industry. It also attempts to highlight the effect of their integration in microfinance on the social mission of microfinance institutions (MFIs). We use the survey data “NTIC, Growth and Poverty in Senegal”, a probability survey conducted in 2010 by the Consortium for Economic and Social Research (CRES). We mobilize two main approaches: bivariate descriptive analysis completed by an ACM and a logit model. The results show that the adoption of ICT depends on the characteristics of the MFI such as age and sex of the manager, the organization mode, size, etc. It also depends on the nature of its financial products and services. Some intensive services technology encourage investment in MFIs ICT, while others not. Investment in ICT significantly increases the likelihood that the MFI is socially efficient.Codes JEL : O33, G21, O12.