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In France, surveys using questionnaires have been less widely developed than other survey techniques especially in environmental geography. We set out to account for the backwardness of this branch of geography and to explore the means to catch up. Thus, after presenting the uses and usefulness of this technique in geography, and in environmental geography in particular, we will examine the contribution of this technique and its difficulties, for instance in the area of the spatialization data. We will then suggest avenues of research to improve the construction of questionnaires addressing issues of wording and population sampling techniques or the use of a multi-source information system.