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The aim of this introduction paper is to justify a grammatical approach of dialogism. Jacques Bres and Sylvie Mellet argue for the hypothesis that the language system (rather than the mere discourse level) has the potential to express dialogic phenomena and possesses specific markers to this end. They first specify the concept of dialogism by confronting it with other similar notions like polyphony or enunciative heterogeneity. They then examine the – either grammatical or lexical – nature of the elements by which dialogism is marked. They notably point out the recurrent association between the dialogic function of some markers and their grammaticalization. By the way, they also justify the choice of developing this analysis within the theoretical framework of French enunciative linguistics : indeed, they show that by articulating dialogism to the grammatical system, it is necessary to conceptualize the connexion between language and speech in terms of enunciative actualization.