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RésuméLa pression exercée par le droit communautaire sur le droit national ne cesse de s’affirmer. Or, c’est au juge communautaire que revient d’exercer en dernier ressort cette pression : il en vient à influencer, voire à écrire, la loi nationale. Voilà ce qu’illustre l’affaire Isabel Burbaud. Un doute apparaît quant à la compatibilité de deux principes : le principe communautaire de la libre circulation des personnes, en particulier la possibilité pour une ressortissante portugaise de candidater au poste de directeur de la fonction publique hospitalière ; et le principe national de recrutement des meilleurs, en particulier par la voie de la réussite à un concours. La coopération entre juge national et juge communautaire vient lever un tel doute, et imposer la réforme du statut de la fonction publique. Or, le Parlement, en adoptant la loi du 26 juillet 2005, suit une logique non de carrière mais d’emploi, une logique proprement communautaire.

The growing pressure the EU law exercises on the national law has to be underlined. Yet, the EU judge is the one institution that exercises such a pressure in last instance, that influences even (re)writes the national law. That is what the Burbaud litigation illustrates. The case was related to the wish this Portuguese citizen expressed to pretend to the post of director of a public hospital in France. The French minister in charge of the civil service opposed a refusal to her, because succeeding the entry exam to the National School of the Public Health would be a necessary condition to candidate to such an employment. Two principles were in opposition: the EU principle of the free circulation of people; the national principle of the employment in the public service by using some entrance exam devices. The uncertainty about the compatibility between these two principles has been solved thanks the national and EU judges were cooperating. Invited to reform the public service status, the French Parliament voted the 26th of July 2005 law. Notwithstanding, such a text has adopted an employment logic, which is in opposition with the carrier logic structurally attached to the French public service, and which is promoted by the EU law and its judge.